copyright ©2004 A. Zuiderent
The pedigree
can be found under „Kwartierstaat“, left on the top of the Homepage.
The “Pedigree Collapse”-phenomenon
Ancestors as Crusaders and Pilgrims
The failed Crusade of 1101/1102
Rulers in Jerusalem and Byzantium
New nobility of the Crusade states
The whole
pedigree is formulated in Dutch because this family, which is living in
Switzerland since 1966, has 100% Dutch roots. Most data were found in Dutch
archives, papers, internet sites and mailing lists and will be primarily of
interest to (far) Dutch relatives with the same roots and to some genealogists.
Some frequently used Dutch terms are translated in the dictionary
at the bottom of this page.
The roots
of the Zuiderent family, a small family with less than 100 members worldwide,
have been located in the village of Maasland near the town of Vlaardingen, West
of Rotterdam. The first documented member of the family was Willem Jorisz, a
well-to-do farmer in Maasland, very near to Vlaardingen, who was born around
1520. His son Cornelis Willemsz was the first member if the family bearing the
name Zuiderent, in the 17th century written as Suijderent or also
Van Zuijdereijnt. However, since 2007 it has been proven that members of the
Zuiderent family already lived in the region in the 11th century.
See the Press Release of Reuters of July 2007 about a DNA
Match of a living Zuiderent with a 1000-years old skeleton.
This means,
that the first known Zuiderent, who died between 1000 and 1050 in Vlaardingen,
may have lived there during the battle of Vlaardingen or even participated in
it. His braincase shows some haeled dents on the right side.....
This site however
does not give a genealogy of the Zuiderent family, but a pedigree (in Dutch
“kwartierstaat”) showing all known ancestors of our children. The normal
numbering system for pedigrees is used, the father having the double number of
his child, as showed in the following scheme:
Generation
1 Generation 2 Generation 3
4. J. Zuiderent
I 5.
J. Monster
I 6.
G. van Wijgerden
7.
A. Baars
Perhaps
some Americans may find early roots in this pedigree, because members of many
related families, like den Boesterd, den
Hartigh, Moret, de Hoog and Rosa
emigrated to the US or Canada. So did a descendant of Anthony Gerrits Middagh (generation 16), called Aert Anthonisz Middagh,
who emigrated in 1652 to New Amsterdam, where he lived on ,,Lange
eijlant", later called Long Island. Aert married with a daughter of Sarah
Rapalje, the first white baby born in New York State (in 1625 at Fort Orange).
Another emigrant, a late descendant of Hendrik
Jans Monster (generation 11) gave his name (changed to Munster) to the town
of Munster, Indiana, near to Chicago. A descendant of Gerit Hamel (generation 19), Heijndrick Hamel, was patron of the
colony on the South river (New-Netherland) in the 17th century.
Another Hendrick Hamel has been
suffering a shipwreck thrown on the Island of Corea and kept there in slavery
for 13 years, then escaped with a boat to Japan. His “Journal and
Description of the Kingdom of Korea, 1653-1666" was the first description
of Korea published in the West. Other relatives emigrated to South
Africa, for example Reinier Monster, a grandson of Arie Monster (generation 5), went to Johannesburg. His descendants
changed their name – for understandable reasons – into Mornet. But also Brasil
has been an emigration goal for the Dutch. In 1911 Aart Jan de Geus, a brother
of Grietje de Geus (generation 5)
emigrated as the leader of a group of farmers to the state of Paraná, where
they established the village of Carambeí, still known for its milk factory.
In this
pedigree lines to nobility have been found from all 8 great-grandparents
(generation 4). Most of them have lines to Charlemagne, five of which are
published on the Dutch Charlemagne
page (see the summary on Charlemagne), others have some uncertain links.
|
Generation 4 |
Gateways to Nobility |
Line to Charlemagne goes via: |
||
|
Kw |
|
Total |
One of the gateways |
|
|
8 |
Aart Zuiderent |
1 +(1) |
Gen17/18 van
Dalem van Dongen |
Salm,
Lotharingen, Stauffen |
|
9 |
Adriaantje den Hartigh |
2 |
Gen15/16 van
den Bongaert/Bongard |
Argenteau,
Grandpré, France |
|
10 |
Arnoldus Monster |
1 |
Gen19/20 van
Heenvliet |
Borselen,
Avesnes, Flanders |
|
11 |
Adriana Brand |
(1) |
Gen19/20 van
Dalem |
no prooved
line |
|
12 |
Wijnand v. Wijgerden |
(4) |
Gen16/17 (van
Brakel)/van Brakel |
Haeften,
Weerdenburg, Cuyk |
|
13 |
Evertje den Boesterd |
1 +(1) |
Gen13/14 von
Bernsau/Bernsau |
Nesselrode,
Sayn, Sponheim |
|
14 |
Bastiaan Baars |
2 +(1) |
Gen21/22 van
Hodenpijl |
Heemstede, Brederode,
Petegem |
|
15 |
Pleuntje Zuiderent |
1 +(1) |
Gen15/16 van
den Bongaert/Bongard |
Argenteau,
Grandpré, France |
|
|
|
( ) |
= with weak chain(s) |
|
This is a remarkable
result because, as mentioned before, none of these families belongs to a higher
class, it are typical middle class families. The key for finding such links are
the gateways between non-noble and noble families, most of which are mentioned
above. The table shows that these gateways are all positioned between
generation 15 and 22, which is at least some 500 years ago, long enough to
“forget” any link to former nobility.
The
theoretical number of ancestors per generation increases exponentially: 4
grandparents, 8 members of the next generation, then 16, 32 etc. In generation
21 we have more then one million ancestors, in generation 31 more than one
billion. In the time of Charlemagne (generation 38) we have a theoretical
number of 140 billion ancestors. Europe however did not have more than 40
millions of inhabitants in that period. This means that there have always been
marriages between (far) relatives, that’s why we find the same persons in
multiple pedigree positions (in Dutch “kwartieren”) of the pedigree. Some names
in the pedigree appear twice, three times or even hundreds if we go back many
centuries. In German this phenomenon is called “Ahnenverlust” (loss of
ancestors), in English it is know as “Pedigree Collapse”. It will also be claer
that many inhabitants of Europe will descent from Charlemagne, the main problem
however is to prove it. This is practically – with much luck – only possible if
a big pedigree is made.
This
pedigree shows 50% loss of ancestors in the first 20 generations. The nearly
4000 ancestors which have been found represent twice as much pedigree
positions. This is not only because of some marriages between second cousins.
In the delta area of the rivers Rhine and Meuse, which consists of many
islands, many people are far relatives from each other without knowing it. This
phenomenon is illustrated in the genealogy of Doen Beijensz, who lived about 1500 in this area and whose
descendants have been fully documented during two centuries. One of the reasons
is that in rural areas the sons of farmers had to marry daughters of other
farmers to be sure to get enough land to do their job. We found in some cases
the same farmers on the island of IJsselmonde 17, 18 or one person even 19
times in our pedigree.
A
remarkable number of ancestors in this pedigree were involved in the crusades;
others made pilgrimages to the Holy Land:
-
Count Robert I "the
Frisian" of Flanders was the guest of Emperor Alexios, when he visited Constantinople in
1089 on his return from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
-
Emperor Alexios Komnenos of Byzantium was impressed by the military
entourage of the Count of Flanders and his cavalry which gave him the idea to
consider Western knights against the Turks. In 1095 Alexios used this contact
to ask the West (Pope Urban II) for military assistance.
-
Count Hugh I of Vermandois, brother of King Philip I of France,
one of the military leaders of the crusade. He deserted during the siege of
Antioch, after a trip to Constantinople to ask for military assistance.
-
Count Stephen II of Blois, another military leader of the
crusade, deserted during the siege of Antioch. His wife, daughter of William
the Conqueror, sent him back in 1101.
-
Baldwin of Rethel (of Le Bourg), which we meet later on as Count of Edessa and as
King Baldwin II of Jerusalem.
-
Count Baldwin II of Hainaut was murdered 1098 in Asia when he
went to report the capture of Antioch to the Emperor in Constantinople.
-
Count Eustace of Boulogne, brother of Godfrey of Bouillon.
-
Milon I "the Great" of
Monthléry, on
crusade 1096, taken prisoner by the enemy 1102. His brother
-
Guy II of Monthléry took the cross in 1098.
-
Henry of Esch died after the conquest of Antioch
in 1098.
-
Count Erard I of Brienne
-
Ingelbrecht IV of Petegem and
Cysoing
-
Walter Bertout of Grimbergen
-
Duke William VII-IX of Poitou-Aquitaine, known as the first troubadour,
escaped in the battle of Heraclea, where the Turks had laid an ambush in
September 1101.
-
Duke Welf IV of Bavaria was also able to escape in
Heraclea, but died on his way back in Cyprus.
-
Count Hugh I of Vermandois (deserted in the First Crusade) was
wounded in Heraclea and died in Tarsus.
-
Count Stephen II of Blois (deserted in the First Crusade) was
able to visit Jerusalem but died in a battle near Ramula.
-
Count Stephen I of
Burgundy-Ivrea-Maçon,
who was murdered in Askelon in Mai 1102.
-
King Louis VII of France, one of the military leaders of
this crusade, accompanied by his wife,
-
Queen Eleonora of Poitou-Aquitaine, Queen of France (later on Queen of
England), patroness of the troubadours.
-
Count William III of Burgundy-Ivrea-Maçon (Count of Auxonne)
-
Count Otto I (III) of Wittelsbach (later on Duke of Bavaria).
-
Count Otto II of Wittelsbach, father of Otto I (III).
-
Count Amadeus III of Savoye, cousin of Louis VII, died 1148 on
his way back in Cyprus.
-
Count Henry I of Champagne &
Brie, father of
Henry II.
-
Count Walter II of Brienne.
-
Count Enguerrand II of Coucy died during the crusade in 1148.
-
Count Berthold II of Andechs attended the great council at Palma
(near Accre) on 24.06.1148.
-
Count Robert of Perche, brother of Louis VII, attended the
great council at Palma on 24.06.1148.
-
Duke Matthew I of Lorraine, who took the sea route and was
involved in the capture of Moorish occupied Lissabon.
-
Count Dirk II of Flanders brought back a relic from Jerusalem
in 1149 which is still revered in Brugge. His wife,
-
Countess Sybille of Anjou, lived later on as a nun in
Bethanië near Jerusalem, where she died. She was a member of the cabinet of
Queen Melisende in 1147.
-
Count Renaud I of Bar, who died during the crusade in 1149.
-
Count Renaud II of Bar, his son.
-
Walter II of Châtillon, died near Laodicea 1147 or 1148
-
Sir Renaud of Courtenay, the later Sir of Sutton,
Berkshire, attended the crusade under king Louis VII.
-
King Philip II Augustus of France, one of the military leaders of
this crusade.
-
Duke Berthold III of Andechs, Duke of Merania, leader of the
third contingent.
-
Count Louis III of Chiny died during the crusade in Belgrade
in 1189.
-
Count Henry II of Champagne &
Brie, the later
king of Jerusalem, was involved in the Siege of Accre.
-
André of Brienne, Lord of Ramarus, died near Accre
1189.
-
Gobert V of Aspremont died during the crusade in 1190.
-
Godfrey IV of Joinville died during the Siege of Accre
1190.
-
Philippe of Lévis took the cross in 1191.
-
Robert III of Beaumont, third Earl of Leicester, took the
cross in 1191 and died in the same year in Durazzo.
-
Rudolf I of Coucy, fallen near Accre on July 1, 1191.
-
Count Gerard II of Looz, fallen near Accre in 1191.
-
Hellin I of Wavrin, fallen 1191.
-
Count Floris III of Holland accompanied
Frederick Barbarossa, he died 1190 in Antioch.
-
Count William I of Holland, son of Floris III, accompanied his
father.
-
Baldwin of Altena accompanied Count Floris III of
Holland.
-
Dirk of Altena, father of Baldwin.
-
Count Otto IV of Bentheim, brother of Floris III of Holland.
-
Count Otto I of Gelre attended the siege of Ptolemais.
-
Rutger of Merum, vassal of Holland.
-
Hugh of Voorne died during the crusade before
April 1189.
-
Count Baldwin VI/IX of Hainaut and
Flanders was
involved in the conquest of Constantinople in 1202, after which he was elected
as the first Latin Emperor of Byzantium (Baldwin I of Byzantium, 1202/04).
-
Count William I of Holland was involved in Portugal and in the
conquest of Damietta in 1219.
-
Count William III of Jülich died during the siege of Damietta in
1218/19.
-
Count Godfrey II of Cuyk-Arnsberg fought in Egypt
1217/19.
-
Count Simon III of Saarbrücken fought in Egypt,
conquest of Damietta 1217/19.
-
Salentin I of Isenburg died during the crusade in 1219.
-
Dirk of Herlaer was involved in Damietta in 1219.
-
Simon of Joinville fought against the Cathars,
distinguished himself at the capture of Damietta.
-
Baldwin II of Praet, mentioned as a Knight Templar
1226/27.
-
Emperor Alexios Komnenos of Byzantium 1081/1118,
mentioned above, asked the West for assistance.
-
Baldwin of Rethel (Baldwin II of
Jerusalem), Count
of Edessa 1100/18, King of Jerusalem 1118/31.
-
Queen Melisende of Rethel, daughter of Baldwin, Queen of
Jerusalem 1131/52.
-
Fulk V of Anjou, her husband, as co-ruler King of
Jerusalem 1131/43.
-
Emperor Ioannes II Komnenos Dukas of
Byzantium 1118/43,
Emperor between the First and Second Crusade; he did not succeed to bring back
Antioch under Byzantian rule in 1138.
-
Amalrik I of Anjou, King of Jerusalem 1163/74, son of
Queen Melisende. He was an able ruler; the Kingdom reached its high point
during his reign. Married a member of the Byzantine Emperor’s family.
-
Isabelle of Anjou, Queen of Jerusalem 1192/1205,
daughter of Amalrik. All later Christian Kings of Jerusalem are descendants of
Isabelle. She married 4 times.
-
Henry II of Champagne & Brie, King of Jerusalem 1192/97, third
husband of Isabelle.
-
Baldwin VI/IX of Hainaut and
Flanders (Baldwin I of Byzantium), first Latin Emperor of Constantinople 1202/04, taken captive and
executed by the Bulgarians.
-
-
Yolande of Hainaut, was in charge of the Empire during
her husbands captivity. She died in 1219.
-
Baldwin I of Rama, 1106/36, got the title of Lord of
Rama, a town near Jaffa.
-
Balian I of Ibelin was honoured with the title Lord of
Ibelin in 1144, he established one of the most powerful dynasties in Jerusalem
and Cyprus. His son
-
Balian II of Ibelin became Lord
of Nablus and married 1177 Maria Komnene of Byzantium, widow of king Amalrik I
(Anjou) of Jerusalem. Balian defended Jerusalem against Saladin in 1187. He had
to surrender, the city was evacuated but no Christian was harmed. (In the movie
“The Kingdom of Heaven” Balian is a generation younger, has another father and
had an affair with Queen Sibylle instaed of beeing married with her
stepmother).
-
Philipp I of Montfort, member of a very powerful family,
became Lord of Tyrus in 1240. His son
-
Philippe II of Montfort died with King Louis IX of France
near Tunis in 1270.
Before the
crusades:
-
Countess Hidda of Nordmark died in Jerusalem around 975.
-
Count Hilduin II of Ramerupt visited Jerusalem in 992.
-
Count Dirk III of Holland probably made 2 pilgrimages to
Palestine, one in 1005, after which he was called Hierosolymity, and one in
1030/34.
-
Count Adalbert of Metz died on a pilgrimage to Palestine in
1033.
-
Duke Robert of Normandy died in 1035 in Nicea, Turkey, on
his way back home.
-
Count Conrad I of Luxemburg died 1086 in the Holy Land on his
way back from Jerusalem.
-
Count William IV of Toulouse died around 1094 near Huesca.
Between the
crusades:
-
Count Renaud I of Bar made a pilgrimage after 1113.
-
Count Dirk VI of Holland visited Jerusalem in 1138. During
this pilgrimage his son Peregrius (Pilgrim) was born.
-
Countess Sophia of Rheineck, his wife, made also pilgrimages in
1173 and in 1176, when she died in Jerusalem.
-
Jan I of Heusden, fallen on Crusade in 1144.
-
-
Jacques of Avesnes (d'Oisy), crusader 1187.
-
Duke Henry I of Brabant and
Lower-Lorraine, on
crusade 1197/98.
After the
crusades:
-
Gerard of Egmond visited the Holy Land before 1242.
-
Dirk of Brederode died 1313 in Reims on his way back
from a pilgrimage to the Holy Land.
-
Lambrecht Jansz Verstoup made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and
Constantinople in the 16th century, shown on his tombstone.
-
Jan de Huyter, a Delft brewer, is mentioned as a
Knight of Jerusalem in 1512.
-
Willem van Beveren, representative of the town of
Dordrecht, visited Jerusalem around 1505.
-
Marshal Guy I of Lévis was involved in the crusade against
the Albigens in 1209 in Languedoc.
-
Count Floris IV of Holland was involved in the crusade against
farmers near Bremen, Germany, in 1234.
-
John IV of Arkel was involved in a crusade in
Prussia in 1335.
In contrast
to Dan Browns thriller “The Da Vinci Code”, in which he bases his “genealogy”
on the pseudo historic fantasy in the ''Holy Blood, Holy Grail'' (written by
Baigent, Leigh and Lincoln, published by Dell 1982), the Merovingians are
supposed to have a respectable number of descendants. This will at least be
true if the female lines are taken into account. Although no line to the
Merovingians is 100% proven, it can be expected that there have at least been
marriages between Carolingians and Merovingian daughters.
One
probable line, in which the Carolingians (and with them many Europeans) are
late descendants of Merovech, is showed below. (In the pedigree this line is
interrupted before Thierry III).
Mérovée
(Merovech), (died 456/7), King of the Salic Franks after 450. Legendary founder
of the Merovingian
Dynasty of Frankish Kings.
I
Childeric I
(died 481 in Tournai), King of the Franks & Basina (of Thuringia)
I
Clovis I
(died 511 in Paris), King of Salic Franks & Saint Clothilde of Burgundy.
Clovis dictated the Salic Law (Lex Salica).
I
Clothaire I
(501-561), King of the Franks (in Soissons) & Arnegonde
I
Chilperic I
(535-584), King of Neustria &
Fredegundis
I
Clothaire
II (584-629), King of Franks & Bertrude
I
Dagobert I
(died 639), King of Austrasia, King of Franks & Nanthilde
I
Clovis
II (633-657), King of Neustria and
Burgundy & Bathilde
I
Thierry
(Theuderic) III (died 690/91), King of Burgundy, king of the Franks &
Clothilde
I
Berthe the
Elder, a Merovingian princess, founded the abbey of Prüm in 720
I
Caribert,
Count of Laon (died 748)
I
Bertrade of
Laon (720-783) & Pepin the Short, King of the Franks
I
Charlemagne,
Emperor of the West
A weak
chain in this line is Berthe the Elder (of Prüm), who is supposed to be a
Merovingian princess. This is neither generally accepted, nor 100% proven. A
different version is supported by Siegfried Rosch in "Caroli Magni
Progenies" (1977 Degener Verlag), where she is the daughter of Pfalzgraf
Hugobert, who died 697/698. But Christian Settipani makes plausible in his
"Les ancêtres de Charlemagne" (ISBN 2-906483-28-1) that her father
was the Merovingian king Thierry III. He gives many arguments for this
hypothesis, a part of which can be found on the list soc.genealogy.medieval
of 16 Nov 1999 08:05:19. Also Hans. J. C. Schats supports this line as a likely
possibility in “Voorouders van Karel de Grote” on www.kareldegrote.nl.
When Berthe donated land to the abbey of Prüm, the donation document was
co-signed by her son Caribert and three witnesses – which are supposed to be
her relatives – with the typical Merovingian names Bernier, Rolande and
Thierry.
Steinhausen,
August 2007, A. Zuiderent
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English |
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abdij |
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boer |
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bouwman,
bouman |
farmer |
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diaken |
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dijkgraaf |
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Duitsland |
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Frankrijk |
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geb. |
born |
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ged.
(gedoopt) |
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generatie |
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genoemd |
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gesneuveld |
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graaf |
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grafzerk |
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heemraad |
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hertog |
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hij
trouwde met NN |
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impost |
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keizer |
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kerk |
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kerkmeester |
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Keulen |
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koning |
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koopman |
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landbouwer |
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lidmaat |
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molenaar |
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na |
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ook
bekend als (alias) |
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otr
(ondertrouw) |
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ouderling |
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ovl.
(overleden) |
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ref. nr. |
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ridder |
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schepen |
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schilder |
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schout |
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smid |
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stedehouder |
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timmerman |
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tr.
(trouwt, trouwde) |
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van
Beieren |
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van Saksen |
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vermeld |
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voor |
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winkelier |
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zerk |
tombstone |
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zie dezelfde
persoon hierboven in generatie x |
see the
same person above in generation x |
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probable,
not proved |